Pregnancy is characterized by widespread deep-tissue hypersensitivity independent of lumbopelvic pain intensity, a facilitated response to manual orthopedic tests, and poorer self-reported health

Lumbopelvic pain occurs frequently in pregnancy but the sensitization factors underlying the condition are largely unknown. This study characterized the somatosensory profile of pregnant and nonpregnant women and the association between pain, hypersensitivity, and frequently used manual clinical tests. Thirty-nine pregnant and 22 nonpregnant women took part in the study. While lumbopelvic pain was not an inclusion criterion, the pregnant women were divided into low- and high-pain groups after data collection. The sensitivity to light brush, pin-prick, and pressure pain was assessed bilaterally at 3 sites in the lumbopelvic region, at the shoulder, and in the lower leg. Responses to the active straight leg raise test and pain provocation tests of the sacroiliac joint were recorded. Participants completed questionnaires addressing emotional and physical well-being and rated disability using the Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire. Compared with controls, the high-pain group rated the active straight leg raise test as more difficult (P < .05), and both pain groups had more positive pain provocation tests (P < .05). The pregnant groups demonstrated significantly lower pressure pain thresholds at most assessment sites compared with controls (P < .05), but self-reported disability and pain were not correlated with pressure pain thresholds within pregnant participants. The high-pain group reported worse emotional health and poorer sleep quality than controls (P < .05).

This article presents the somatosensory profile of a healthy pregnant cohort. The results suggest that pain sensitivity is increased during pregnancy possibly due to the physical changes the body goes through during pregnancy but also because of changes in emotional health. This should be taken into account in clinical management of pregnant women with lumbopelvic pain.