G.A. Homandberg Ph.D, D. Guo M.S, L.M. Ray C.L.S and L. Ding B.S
This study tested the effectiveness of glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate and mixtures in protecting cartilage exposed to fibronectin fragments, an exposure known to enhance catabolic cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases. The results show that glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate act synergistically in reversing damage and promoting repair at concentrations found in plasma after oral ingestion of these agents.
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Volume 14, Issue 8, August 2006, Pages 793-806.